HIV: The Basics
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system. If left untreated, it can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). But with modern treatment, people living with HIV can lead long, healthy lives—and cannot pass the virus to others when their viral load is undetectable.
Key Facts Everyone Should Know
HIV is no longer a terminal condition. With proper medical care, people with HIV can live just as long as those without it.
HIV is not spread through casual contact. You cannot get HIV from hugging, sharing food, kissing, or using the same toilet.
Undetectable = Untransmittable (U=U). When someone with HIV takes their medication regularly and reaches an undetectable viral load, they cannot transmit the virus through sex.
Anyone can get HIV. It’s not about who you are—it’s about actions and awareness. Knowing your status and getting tested is key.
PrEP stops transmission of HIV during sex. PrEP stand for pre-exposure prophylaxis. It prevents you from getting HIV by taking anti-HIV drugs.
PEP is a way of preventing HIV infection after possible exposure. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is used in emergency situations rather than a regular method of preventing HIV transmission
Breaking the Stigma
Stigma around HIV causes fear, shame, and discrimination—and it stops people from getting tested or treated. That hurts everyone.
Common Myths That Fuel Stigma
| Myth | Reality |
|---|---|
| “Only certain groups get HIV.” | HIV affects people of all genders, sexualities, races, and backgrounds. |
| “You can tell who has HIV by looking at them.” | Most people with HIV look and feel healthy. |
| “HIV is a punishment.” | HIV is a virus, not a moral judgment. No one deserves to be judged for their health. |
What You Can Do
Talk openly and respectfully about HIV. Break the silence.
Use accurate language. Say “person living with HIV,” not “HIV-infected” or “AIDS victim.”
Get tested and know your status. Encourage others to do the same.
Stand up to discrimination. If you see or hear stigma, speak out.
